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Description
Ships Bilge PumpsAll wooden ships leak, a stark fact that has terrified sailors since the earliest days of ocean travel. Maritime historical literature is filled with horrific descriptions of being aboard a slowly sinking ship. Starting from this human perspective, then, Thomas J. Oertling traces the five hundred year evolution of a seemingly mundane but obviously important piece of seafaring equipment and tells the story of nautical innovation in this one of a kind
All wooden ships leak, a stark fact that has terrified sailors since the earliest days of ocean travel. Maritime historical literature is filled with horrific descriptions of being aboard a slowly sinking ship. Starting from this human perspective, then, Thomas J. Oertling traces the five-hundred-year evolution of a seemingly mundane but obviously important piece of seafaring equipment--and tells the story of nautical innovation--in this one of a kind history of the ship bilge pump. Beginning with early sixteenth-century documents that recorded bilge pump design and installation and ending at about 1840, when bilge pumps were being mass-produced, Oertling covers a period of radical technological change. He describes the process of making long wooden pump tubes by hand, as well as the assembly of the machine-crafted pumps that helped revolutionize ship construction and design. Also given in detail are the creation, function, and development of all three types of pumps used from about 1500 to well into the nineteenth century--the burr pump, the suction or common pump, and the chain pump. Of further interest is Oertling's overall examination of the nature and management of leaks in ships' hulls. This work is well illustrated, with line art depicting the placement and use of pumps aboard the ships, early drawings showing pump design, and photographs revealing artifacts recently found at shipwreck sites. Of obvious interest to nautical archaeologists, maritime historians, and ship modelers, this book is written in an interesting and informative style, rendering it easily accessible to laypersons and amateur enthusiasts.Binding Type: Paperback
Publisher: Texas A&M University Press
Published: 10/01/1996
ISBN: 9780890967225
Pages: 130
Weight: 0.45lbs
Size: 8.92h x 5.98w x 0.36d
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4.8 ★★★★★
Based on 6 reviews
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Product Reviews
★★★★★ 5
Top quality tool that improves espresso extraction
Color: Gray
Fantastic and easy to use. Stand sits on top of espresso machine and the WDT tool is always ready, no unscrewing. Upgraded from a screw-shut version and couldn't be happier. Comes with extra needles which I hope to never need. Easy to recommend
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Reviewed in the United States on May 24, 2026
★★★★★ 4
Makes a difference but maybe only to caffeine addled coffee snobs
Color: Black
I won't say that everyone urgently needs one of these. This is helped me up my game. Perhaps not absolutely necessary, but it noticeably reduces canalization and improves extraction. And it appears to have improved not only my espresso, but my pour-overs and my Mokapot (especially the Mokapot!). It's a little fiddley to assemble - there's sets of springs and needles - but once you get it all locked down, its very tight. There's a set of spares - I can't imagine needing them. The tool kinda sits in the weighted base, but it appears to stay put in my cabinet.
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Reviewed in the United States on May 24, 2026
★★★★★ 5
Excellent espresso tool
Color: Black
Very nicely made and works as intended. Also comes with extra needles. Highly recommend.
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Reviewed in the United States on May 17, 2026
★★★★★ 5
WDT Tool: The Needle in My Espresso Haystack
Color: Black, Color: Black
I kind of went down a deep dive researching these WDT (Weiss Distribution Technique) tools, and I have to say, this one hits the sweet spot! The needle size is just right, and the shape is spot on for what I need. Plus, it’s a nice perk that you can remove and replace the needles. I’ve tried using needles and bobby pins in the past, but they were too thick and just ended up creating their own channels—talk about a brewing disaster!
Now, here’s the twist: even though it comes with seven needles installed (and more replacements), I find it a bit overkill. With all those needles, it just traps the grinds in the center, pushing stuff around like it’s playing a game of “don’t let the coffee escape.” So, I stick with just three needles in a triangle formation for optimal distribution. Pro tip: don’t forget to adjust the depth as you use it to ensure you’re getting the best coverage of your coffee grounds!
The build quality is actually pretty impressive. It feels like well-constructed metal components that could survive a small espresso war. Plus, it's more affordable than some of those fancy options out there—because who needs a second mortgage for great coffee?
It looks quite nice on my counter, and the little stand is a handy extra touch.
Overall, if you’re looking to up your espresso game and avoid the chaos of uneven distribution, this WDT tool is worth considering. Just remember: less is sometimes more when it comes to needles!
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Reviewed in the United States on October 20, 2024
★★★★★ 5
Love this thing!!!
Color: Black, Color: Black
Hey, coffee lovers! ☕️ I recently got my hands on the WDT Espresso Distribution Tool Espresso Stirrer Tools for Barista, and let me tell you, it's a game-changer! 🙌 I'm absolutely thrilled with this amazing tool and can't recommend it enough to fellow coffee enthusiasts and professional baristas alike.
First things first, the build quality of this espresso stirrer is top-notch! 💪 The aluminum alloy handle not only adds durability but also gives it a sleek and professional look, especially in the matte black finish. Holding this tool feels great, and the ergonomic design ensures a comfortable grip even during those long brewing sessions.
The 0.35mm 7 needles are perfectly spaced, allowing for precise and consistent distribution of coffee grounds in the portafilter. This means a more even extraction and an enhanced flavor profile in every sip. And guess what? You get 7 extra replaceable needles as a bonus! 🎉 This ensures the longevity of the tool and easy replacement when needed.
But wait, there's more! The included stand is a fantastic addition to this package. 🎁 It not only serves as a convenient storage solution but also adds a touch of elegance to my coffee setup. No more rolling around and cluttered workspace. Everything stays in place, thanks to the stand!
Using the WDT Espresso Distribution Tool is a breeze! ⚡️ The precisely engineered needles and ergonomic design make it effortless to distribute the coffee grounds evenly. Whether you're a pro barista or a home brewing enthusiast, this tool will take your espresso game to new heights. Trust me on this one!
In conclusion, the WDT Espresso Distribution Tool Espresso Stirrer is an absolute must-have for any coffee lover out there. 💯 Its top-notch build quality, precision, and thoughtful design will bring joy to your coffee routine. So, don't wait any longer! Treat yourself and elevate your espresso-making experience with this amazing tool. Cheers! 🥳☕️
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Reviewed in the United States on June 12, 2023