SKU: 20665079783

PESO PUERTORRIQUEÑO - 10 CENTAVOS

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PESO PUERTORRIQUEÑO - 10 CENTAVOSPeso puertorriqueo genuino (original) de 10 centavos, La moneda est montada a mano en plata esterlina . 925. Sabas que Puerto Rico tuvo su propia moneda antes de la invasin estadounidense? El peso puertorriqueo slo fue producido entre los aos 1895 1898. En el 1898 cuando invadi Estados Unidos, el peso puertorriqueo fue reemplazado por el dlar estadounidense. Aunque de igual valor internacional, cada peso puertorriqueo se cambi a 60 centavos por cada

Peso puertorriqueño genuino (original) de 10 centavos, La moneda está montada a mano en plata esterlina .925.

¿Sabías que Puerto Rico tuvo su propia moneda antes de la invasión estadounidense? El peso puertorriqueño sólo fue producido entre los años 1895-1898. En el 1898 cuando invadió Estados Unidos, el peso puertorriqueño fue reemplazado por el dólar estadounidense. Aunque de igual valor internacional, cada peso puertorriqueño se cambió a 60 centavos por cada dólar estadounidense. En otros términos, todo puertorriqueño perdió un 40% de su capital durante dicha conversión.

Con 40% menos de capital, los agricultores se vieron obligados a pedir dinero prestado a los bancos estadounidenses. Sin restricciones de la Ley de Usura, el Banco Colonial Americano cobró tasas de interés tan altas que, en solo una década (para 1910), los agricultores habían dejado de pagar sus préstamos y los bancos procedieron a adueñarse de sus tierras. Este proceso de expropiación culmina en la creación de las centrales azucareras, las cuales crean un monopolio estadounidense sobre la producción y exportación azucarera en Puerto Rico.

Estas monedas representan otro lado de la historia que los libros de la escuela quisieran esconder - representan a un Puerto Rico próspero el cual (a pesar de ser colonia española) poco a poco iba ganando más autonomía económica - hasta que invadió Estados Unidos.

Genuine 10-cent Puerto Rican peso, mounted in .925 sterling silver.

Did you know that Puerto Rico had its own currency before the US invasion? The Puerto Rican peso was only produced between the years 1895-1898. In 1898, when the United States invaded, the Puerto Rican peso was replaced by the US dollar. Although of equal international value, each Puerto Rican peso was exchanged for 60 cents per US dollar. In other words, every Puerto Rican lost 40% of his capital during said conversion.

With 40% less capital, farmers were forced to borrow money from American banks. Unrestricted by the Usury Act, the American Colonial Bank charged interest rates so high that, within just a decade (by 1910), farmers had defaulted on their loans and the banks proceeded to seize their land. This expropriation process culminates in the creation of sugar mills, which create a US monopoly on the production and export of sugar mills in Puerto Rico.

These coins represent another side of history that school books would like to hide - they represent a prosperous Puerto Rico which (despite being a Spanish colony) was gradually gaining more economic autonomy - until it invaded the United States.

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SKU: 20665079783

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Kimberly G
Waukegan, US
★★★★★ 5
delightful read
Format: Kindle
What a delightful read. The characters are awesome, the plot was so good, I loved it. I was intrigued and it kept me wanting more. Told in multiple pov, the book sucks you in and doesn’t let go. I cannot wait to read the next book.
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Reviewed in the United States on January 30, 2025
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Kimberly B
West Palm Beach, US
★★★★★ 4
not bad
Format: Kindle
I loved the plot of this book. The characters just didn’t have a lot of depth. The connections and “love” just weren’t communicated very well in the writing. The author didn’t write the sweet psycho trope very well at all either. Lachlan was just a mess of a character.
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Reviewed in the United States on November 17, 2023
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Carmen Alicea
Whiting, US
★★★★★ 5
A Beta Worth Rooting For
Format: Kindle
In Spare, Violet Fox flips the omegaverse on its head, giving us a Beta heroine determined to make her mark. Joining the Beta Trials to support her sick father, she's thrown into a pack that doesn't want her, especially the possessive Alphas. But here's the twist: their sweet Omega turns out to be her scent match. Cue the angst, forbidden tension, and a slow-burn romance that will make your heart ache in the best way. Violet Fox delivers an emotional, refreshing take on the genre, proving Betas aren't "spares." They're stars.
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Reviewed in the United States on January 10, 2025
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C. Hunter
Draper, US
★★★★★ 5
Beta, Alpha, Omega oh my!
Format: Kindle
Omegas are precious and given to Alphas & their packs... but the Betas want in too. To this end, the Beta government is rolling out its trial of assigning a Beta to each Alpha-Omega pack. But forcing a Beta into a pack where they are not wanted will not end well... Of course, no one expected the Omega to fall for the assigned Beta. Great read and cliffhanger
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Reviewed in the United States on February 15, 2025
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B. Stubby
West Palm Beach, US
★★★★★ 3
A familiar story, just with…..less.
Format: Kindle
So, as other reviewers make clear, this is very similar to Pack Darling and The Beta. It’s much closer aligned with The Beta, in plot and maybe more like Pack Darling with characters. That being said, I don’t hate this…..but it wasn’t great either. It’s both books mentioned but just….less. Less angst, less emotion, less feeling. The plot feels very half fleshed out, and the “bad guy” feels underwhelming. I didn’t really feel any real emotions from and of the male leads, except maybe Oliver. The others fell sorta flat for me. And Mika makes herself out to be this big bad ass straight outta training and then we never see it from here again with the one fitting room incident as the exception. SPOILER: The whole, “Oh, I’m actually probably an Omega, but I don’t wanna be but I do actually wanna be but no one can ever know my secret that I do nothing to hide “ thing fell so flat. She never commutes to believing she was secretly an omega, but also mentions her “secret” a lot. It just felt so manufactured. I’m intrigued enough to read part 2 and see how the author closes everything out, but this is not one I’ll recommend or ever come back to.
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Reviewed in the United States on February 13, 2024

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